Effect of Additives and Annealing on the Performance of Nonfullerene‐Based Binary and Ternary Organic Photovoltaics

Fine tuning of blend morphology is a key factor that limits the performance bulk-heterojunction organic photovoltaics (BHJ-OPVs). Herein, morphological control binary (PM6:Y7) and ternary (PM6:Y7:PC70BM) blends conducted through 1-chloronaphthalene (CN) solvent additive thermal annealing (TA) treatment with respect to their influence on photovoltaic performance. Moreover, distinct study accomplished optical electronic properties treated nontreated devices by external quantum efficiency measurements impedance spectroscopy. The results indicate these treatments affect OPVs differently. Regarding 2% CN addition, current density improved ≈27%, whereas fill shows pronounced increment ≈22%. A contradictory behavior exhibited TA for OPVs. PCEs (with/without CN) CN-treated ones are improved, while diminishing 0% CN. Accordingly, highest efficiencies obtained due dual effect along treatments.